![]() ![]() ![]() Housings may be used for structural purposes or to account for irregularity in timber sizes. ![]() Housing: A shallow mortise or cavity for receiving intersecting timbers. Heartwood: The inner, older part of the three that is typically more durable and traditionally turned to the exterior of buildings. Hardwood: Any wood from a deciduous tree. Hand Riven Pegs: Pegs split from straight-grained hardwood, then drawknifed and shaved to size. Modern hammer beams often require the use of a horizontal metal tie rod. Hammer Beams were first used in medieval cathedrals where the thrust from the roof was resolved into thick masonry walls. Hammer Beam: A roof bracket projecting from the top of the wall that supports roof framing above. Half Lap: A simple joint in which two timbers are lapped or let into each other so that they pass each other in the same plane. Green Wood: Freshly harvested wood that has not been dried or seasoned. Girt: Secondary horizontal member that connects posts in either walls or bents. Gambrel Roof: A double-pitched roof with the lower slope steeper than the upper slope, common in barn architecture. Gable: A double-sloping roof that forms an “A” shape. Crucks are a traditional English style of timber framing.ĭimensional Lumber: Planed, standardized lumber that is sold at any lumberyard, such as a 2x4.Įave: The lower end of a roof surface that projects beyond the wall. Loosely used to include many large, curved timbers. In a roof truss, the rafters serve as the top chord and the tie beam as the lower chord.Ĭollar Tie: A horizontal connector between a pair of rafters used to reduce sagging and increase the possible span of the rafters.Ĭommon Purlins: Horizontal members parallel to the ridge that generally span between principal rafters.Ĭommon Rafters: Closely and regularly spaced inclined timbers that form and support the roof surface.Ĭruck: Technically, a timber frame bent supported by two large, curving members. Checks do not affect the structural capacity of timbers and do indicate the true direction of fibers in the timber.Ĭhord: In a truss, the major uppermost timber (upper chord) and the lower major timber (lower chord). Floor joists and rafters are the most common cantilevered timber frame members.Ĭhamfer: A decorative bevel cut on the corner of a timber.Ĭhecks: Separation of wood fibers common in all timbers. Many of our timber frames have naturally curved braces.Ĭantilever: Any rigid structural member projecting beyond its last vertical support. Bay: The space between bents or the area between structural cross frames.īeam: A main horizontal member in a building’s frame.īent: A cross section of a frame generally including principal rafters and the shape of the roof.īrace: A smaller, diagonal timber used to prevent distortion of the frame. ![]()
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